What Happens if Cavities Are Left Untreated?

Cavities may start small, but they can lead to major oral health issues if you ignore them. Even if you’re not feeling pain yet, decay doesn’t stop on its own. Understanding what can happen when a cavity is left untreated can help you protect your smile and avoid more costly dental treatments in the future. If you’re searching for a trusted dentist in Atlanta, GA, the team at Midtown Dental Center is here to help keep your teeth healthy and strong.
 

Early Stage: Enamel Damage

Cavities begin when plaque and bacteria wear away the outer layer of your tooth - the enamel. At this point, you might not feel any symptoms, but the decay is actively progressing. Early detection during routine checkups is the best way to stop cavities before they worsen.
 

Progression Into the Dentin

If the cavity reaches the dentin, the layer beneath the enamel, you may begin to feel sensitivity to hot, cold, or sweet foods. This stage is often when people first realize something is wrong. Without treatment, the decay will continue spreading deeper into the tooth.
 

Infection in the Pulp

Inside each tooth is the pulp, which contains nerves and blood vessels. When decay reaches this area, it can cause inflammation and infection. This typically results in:

• Severe toothache

• Swelling

• Pain when biting

• Lingering sensitivity

At this stage, a simple filling is no longer enough, and root canal therapy may be required to save the tooth.
 

Abscess Development

An untreated pulp infection can lead to a dental abscess - a pocket of pus that forms around the root. Abscesses are extremely painful and can cause swelling, fever, or even spread infection to other parts of the body if not treated promptly. Abscessed teeth often require root canal treatment or extraction.
 

Tooth Loss

When the structure of a tooth becomes too damaged, it may no longer be possible to restore it. Tooth loss can affect your bite, jaw health, and confidence. It may also lead to shifting teeth and create additional dental issues over time.
 

Systemic Health Risks

While cavities primarily affect the mouth, they can also contribute to broader health concerns. Chronic oral infections have been linked to conditions such as heart disease, diabetes complications, and respiratory problems. Treating cavities early reduces these risks.
 

Take Control of Your Oral Health

Cavities are common, but they should never be ignored. What begins as minor enamel decay can quickly become a painful and serious dental problem. The good news is that early prevention and timely treatment can save your tooth and protect your overall health.

Think you might have cavities? Schedule a dental exam at Midtown Dental Center for expert dental care. Visit our office in Atlanta, Georgia, or call (404) 874-0800 to book an appointment today.